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2D Geo-electrical Resistivity Imaging of Clay Deposit in Agbonmwoba Village, Edo State, Nigeria
(IISTE (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education), 2020-10-31) Osisanya, O.W.; Macpaul, A.P.; Isaac, K.A.; Folorunso, A.Z.
This study involves delineation of clay deposits in Agbonmwoba village area of Obaretin town, Edo state using 2D geo-electrical resistivity tomography technique to image the extent and economic quantity of the deposit, in order to appraise its commercial viability. The Wenner-Schlumberger electrode configuration was employed in five different locations within the study area, and a total of ten (10) Wenner-Schlumberger soundings were acquired in the area with a spread length of 200m along each traverse. The field data was inverted using the Earth Imager 2D inversion software program. Low resistivity geologic formations (ρ < 50 Ωm) were interpreted as clay formations using knowledge of regional geology of the area as reported from previous studies. Along traverses 1, 2 and 8 sampled at old Sapele road Ekiosa clay deposits was imaged at depth of 8.9-15m at lateral spread of 30m and 70m in TR1, 8.9-17.9m in TR2 and 4m in TR8. In traverses 3 and 4 sampled along Presco road in Obaretin, clay deposits were imaged at 8.9m from the surface in TR3 and 8.9-10m in TR4 at lateral spread of 70m and 100m respectively. Traverses 5, 6 and 7 were sampled at Agbonmwoba primary school, and clay deposit was imaged at 17.9-21m in TR5 at lateral spread of 80-90m, clayey sand was imaged at 7.5m (< 8.9m) and sand deposit was imaged at 24.0m (< 26.8m) which underlies clay. In TR6, clay deposit was imaged at 8.9m from the surface and in TR7, clay deposits were imaged in layers at profound depths >30m at lateral spreads of 20-80m and 130-160m respectively. In TR8 clay deposit was imaged at 4m from the surface. In TR9 clay deposit was imaged at 8.9- 17.9m at lateral spread of 90-110m and in TR10 clay deposit was imaged at 17.9-20m at lateral spread of 40m and 100-120m respectively. This results show that clay deposits imaged along traverses 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, and 10 are located at proximal depths within the subsurface and this implies that the subsurface geology distribution along these profiles is slightly homogenous in lithology, and clay deposits along these traverses are exploitable, while clay deposits along traverses 3, 6 and 8 are found at the surface (0-8.9 m) as thin clay deposits and therefore not commercially viable for exploitation. Clay deposits imaged in traverse 7 was relatively massive in size (subsurface distribution) and was observed at profound depth of 26.8-35.7m (> 30m), which makes it commercially viable for exploitation compared with other traverses. The results was correlated with borehole lithologic section drilled along TR5 in the area and both sections agreed in lithologic sequence with respect to depth. Thus, 2D resistivity imaging gives a better vertical and lateral view of subsurface layers than geo-electric sections computed from 1D models, because of its ability to give a continuous record of subsurface formations at greater dept
3-D Seismic Structural Interpretation of High Field Offshore Western Niger Delta.
(The Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management (JASEM), 2021) ADEBAYO, S.S.; AGBALAGBA, E.O.; KORODE, A.I.; FAGBEMIGUN, T.S.; OYANAMEH, O.E.; OSISANYA, O.W.
Seismic Structural interpretation of subsurface system is a vital tool in mapping source rocks and good trapping system which enhances good understanding of the subsurface system for productive drilling operation. This study is geared towards mapping the structural traps available within the hydrocarbon bearing zones of the “High field” with the use of well log and 3D seismic data. Seven horizons (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6 and H7) were identified on well logs using gamma ray log and resistivity logs. Nine (9) faults were mapped on seismic sections across the field, two (2) of which are major growth faults (F1 and F2), two (2) synthetic faults (F3 and F7) and five (5) antithetic faults (F4, F5, F6, F8 and F9). Rollover anticlines which are structural closure and displayed on the depth structural maps suggest probable hydrocarbon accumulation at the down throw side of the fault F1. Structural interpretation of high field has revealed a highly fault assisted reservoir which depicts the tectonic setting of Niger Delta basin.
3D TIME-LAPSE GEOPHYSICAL IMAGING OF FERTILIZER-INDUCED SOIL AND GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION IN OGHARA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
(Zibeline International Publishing, 2025-07) Ozobeme, A.A.; Osisanya, W.O.; Airen, O.J.; Eyankware, O.M.; Iluobe, E.O.
Fertilizer contaminants can persist in subsurface environments, making remediation efforts costly and time consuming, particularly in areas with shallow aquifers and permeable soils. This study applied time-lapse geophysical methods to assess fertilizer-related soil and groundwater pollution in agricultural regions of Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. Eight 2-D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) surveys were conducted, Including 16 grid-aligned lines across the Presco lowland and upland areas which were collated to form the 3 D models, along with a control line. Data were processed using RES3DINV and ZondRes3D to produce the 3-D resistivity models. Three-dimensional slices illustrated the downward migration of contaminants over time. Analysis of time-lapse data showed maximum vertical migration rates of 216.7 cm/month and horizontal rates of 750.0 cm/month at the initial site. At the second site, rates reached 122.5 cm/month vertically and 500.0 cm/month horizontally. Taking into account local hydrological and geological conditions, the contaminant plumes are projected to reach the dry sandy layer within 0.5 to 1 year.
6TH INAUGURAL LECTURE RADIATION RAIN, RUIN BUT REIGN, -MAN IN THE RING
(Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, 2024-09-05) Agbalagba,E.O
Physics is a branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and energy. It has several branches. It is declined as the science that deals with the structure of matter and the interactions between the fundamental constituents of the observable universe (Einstein's 1926 Britannica essay on space-time). It dwells more in the course of this lecture on Radiation Physics, as it affects and relates to the environment, human health, and radiation protection. The term "radiation" can be defined as the energy that is emitted as electromagnetic waves or particles and travels through the atmosphere or a material medium. Radiation is felt when we work in the field on a sunlit day, or when we stay by the fireside. Radiation is energy that moves from one place to another in a form that can be described as waves or particles. The word "radiation" arises from the phenomenon of waves radiating (i.e., traveling outward in all directions) from a source. This aspect leads to a system of measurements and physical units that apply to all types of radiation. Radiation is a natural phenomenon of emission of energy in the form of electromagnetic that obeys Pauli's exclusive principle, travels through space or medium, and impacts man and the environment. Radiation is always around us all the time, and as such, man is constantly exposed to it. This exposure has influenced our survival, reproduction, and evolution.
A Comparative Analysis Performance of Data Augmentation on Age-Invariant Face Recognition Using Pretrained Residual Neural Network
(Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2021) ABERE, REUBEN; OKOKPUJIE, KENNEDY; OFOCHE, JOYCE C.; BIOBELEMOYE, BASUO J.; OKOKPUJIE, IMHADE PRINCESS
There has been an immense improvement in face recognition research. Unfortunately, the accuracy of face recognition systems recognizing the same person over time due to ageing is open research. Minor geometric changes in the face that occur due to ageing contribute to face recognition systems' inaccuracy. Researchers, over subsequent years, have come up with methods to improve the performance of Age Invariant Face Recognition (AIFR) systems, the most recent one being the use of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to create face recognition models. The pre-trained residual network (ResNet) is trained and tested using a heterogeneous database to actualize this improvement. The heterogeneous database consists of images from 82 Caucasian subjects in the FG-Net database and 11 African subjects. These obtained images were augmented using geometric transformation and Noise to increase the amount of data for training. Afterwards, a model robust is developed. The Sliding Window framework was used to detect the faces fed into CNN for training and testing. After getting the results from our classification model, an analysis was carried out on the classification models of both the original dataset and augmented datasets. It was observed that the model performed remarkably with the noise-injected dataset and performed worst with the geometric transformation database.
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF SOIL AND WATER CONTAMINATION NEAR AUTO MECHANIC WORKSHOPS IN WARRI AND ENVIRON SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA
(Zibeline International Publishing, 2023) Aladin, A.E.; Ekewenu, E.E.; Osisanya, W.O.
The pH values of soil samples collected from the topsoil to a depth of 50cm range from 5.78 to 6.64, with an average of 6.284, indicating slightly acidic soil. Water samples near auto-mechanic workshops fall below NSDWQ and WHO standards. Soil heavy metal levels mostly meet ACV and Dutch guidelines, except for Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr). Soil contamination analysis shows a high to extreme degree of contamination, likely from the auto-mechanic workshop. Positive correlations between metal pairs suggest a common source and transport to the soil. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of soil samples reveals Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni, and Pb as dominant metals, while Ni-Cr shows negative correlations with others. In water samples, Cu, Cd, and Co dominate, indicating a different contamination source. Soil and water samples generally meet NSDWQ and WHO standards, but Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Salinity exceed these standards. Understanding these findings is crucial for managing and mitigating contamination risks near auto-mechanic workshops
A Contingent Claim Approach to Bank Valuation
(Scientific Research Publishing, 2014) Okedoye, Michael Akindele; Owoloko, Enahoro Alfred; Omoregbe, Nicholas Amienwan
In this paper, the model formulated incorporated stochastic variables such as bank loans and deposits as well as some deterministic variables: cash available, depreciation, capital expenditure, tax and costs, comprising variable costs and fixed costs. This paper assumes that the dynamics of bank loans and deposits at time t follow a geometric Brownian motion, therefore, it satisfies certain stochastic differential equations (SDEs) formulated on some probability space. On the other hand, the growth rate μL(t) in loan at time t, growth rate μD(t) in deposit at time t, and the variable cost η(t) at time t are assumed to be driven by mean-reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. The SDEs of the dynamics of bank loans, growth rate in loans, bank deposits, growth rate in deposits and variable cost arising from the model were solved by means of the ItÔ Lemma. Discrete time approximations of the exact solutions of the SDEs were derived and used in a Monte Carlos simulation software.
A Study of the Distribution pattern of Heavy metals in surface soils around Arufu Pb-Zn mine, Northeastern Nigeria, Using Factor Analysis
(Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2011-04-23) Adamu Christopher , NganjeTherese Ntonzi , Ukwang E.E. , IBE Keneth Abara and Peter Neji(2011)
Surface soil samples at depth of 0-15cm were collected from the Arufu Pb-Zn mining district within the Middle Benue Trough for this study. The aim was to determine the levels and spatial variability of heavy metals in the surface soil as well as the factors controlling the overall pattern of surface soil variability in the mining district. The soil samples were digested with 4M HNO3 and analysed for Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, As and Ag using tomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) model 210. Organic matter content (OM) and pH of the soil samples were also determined. The resulting data was subjected to both descriptive and factor analyses. Results showed elevated levels of trace metals (Pb, Zn and Cd) and erratic distribution of trace metals in the surface soil. The factor analysis in R-mode was used to integrate the geochemical data. Factor 1 revealed the significant lithologic controls through oxidation of bedrock and sulphide minerals, as well as environmental controls through weathering and decomposition of organic matter. Factor 2 revealed anthropogenic controls through mining activities. Factor 3 revealed control by deposition under alkaline condition. Eingenvalues that accounted for about 70.56% of the total variance were also obtained. Clastic decomposition was identified to be more effective on the alkaline soil developed on carbonate host rocks. Lateral dispersion trains of heavy metals are limited to mine adits. These findings could play a key role to effective management of surface soil quality in the study area
Aeromagnetic Interpretation of Basement Structures and Geometry in Parts of the Middle Benue Trough, North Central, Nigeria
(Bilingual Publishing Co., 2022-11-30) Esho, O.O.; Osisanya, W.O.; Ibitoye, T.A.; Ajibade, F.Z.; Tokunbo, S.F.
The research of an analysis of aeromagnetic data collected in the middle Benue Trough in north-central Nigeria is presented. A detailed analysis of basement structures is conducted in order to identify regions with high hydrocarbon potential that is different from those discovered by earlier researchers. Aeromagnetic data were filtered by using the Butterworth and Gaussian filters, transformed by engaging the reduction to the equator technique, and subsequently enhanced. To estimate magnetic basement depths at various places throughout the basin, the Euler deconvolution depth weighting approach was used. Eleven (11) sub-basins with depths ranging from –2000 m to –8000 m were also identified by Euler’s findings. The sub-basins trend in the NE-SW direction while the average sediment thickness is found to be more than 3 km. The extracted structural features indicate areas like Kadi Blam and Kado areas in the southeastern part and Ogoja and Obudu in the southern part of the study area as regions with high structural densities. These areas coincide with the areas delineated as the sub-basins. The cross-sections generated reveal depressions caused by the action of some tectonic activities in the area. This study identified undulating basement topography believed to be due to tectonic activities as well as five areas that are possible targets for hydrocarbon exploration.
An Assessment of the Contribution of Municipal Solid Waste Dump Sites Fire to Atmospheric Pollution
(Scientific Research Publishing(SCIRP), 2014) Rim-Rukeh Akpofure
Municipal solid waste open dump site operation is an important element of waste management in Nigeria, both today and in the future. Dump site fires are common occurrences in the study area. The contribution of municipal solid waste dump site fires to atmospheric pollution in the Niger Delta, Nigeria has been assessed experimentally. Five (5) municipal solid waste dump sites where fire incidence is a frequent and regular occurrence were chosen for the study. At each of the identified municipal solid waste dump site, eight (8) air quality monitoring parameters, suspended particulate matter (SPM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) and Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) were determined using a series of hand held air quality monitoring equipment. Results indicate the levels of SPM ranged between 773 and 801 µg/m3 and the levels of CO ranged between 133.7 and 141.6 ppm. The levels of CO2 ranged between 401 ppm and 404.5 ppm while that of NO2 ranged between 21.0 ppm and 27.3 ppm. The levels of SO2 ranged between 27.7 ppm and 37.1 ppm while that of NH3 ranged from 14.7 to 19.5 ppm. The levels of methane in the study area ranged between 2310 ppm and 2771 ppm and within the vicinity of dump site fires H2S concentration ranges from 3.4 to 7.7 ppm. Levels of SPM, CO, CO2, and CH4 within the vicinity of the dump site fires were above regulatory limits. Dump site fires in the study area could threaten the health of anyone especially the dump site workers that are regularly exposed to the thick smoke and can be implicated in climate change debate. There is a need to develop better practices with regard to municipal solid waste open dump site operation and emission control.
AN IN-DEPTH STUDY OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS AROUND SELECTED WASTE DUMPSITES IN PARTS OF SOUTHERN NIGERIA USING HEAVY METAL INDICES AND MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
(African Journals OnLine, 2025) Osisanya, W.O.; Agbalagba, O.E.; Agho, I.O.; Eyankware, M.O.; Iduseri, O.M
A detailed study was conducted around waste dumpsite in the study area, to evaluate the levels of heavy metals in the soil. Soil samples were collected at twenty (20) different locations within waste dumpsites for the study. The heavy metals (zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), and iron (Fe)) were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The resulting data was analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson correlation, and the heavy metal indices: Potential Ecological Risk (ERI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF), and Nemerow Pollution Index (PNI). Thesoil contain the heavy metals: zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), copper Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, Ni, As, and Fe. Their concentrations, inorder 9.28 to 60.1 mg/kg for Zn, 4.4 to 14.39 mg/kg for Cr, 5.4 to 21.39 mg/kg for Cu, 6.07 to 17.5 mg/kg for Pb, 0.04 to 1.5 mg/kg for Cd, 0.0001 to 0.003 mg/kg for Hg, 7.28 to 20.38 mg/kg for Ni, 0.0001 to 0.003 mg/kg for As, and 1020 to 16540 mg/kg for Fe,The Igeo data indicated that all samples fell within the range of 0 to 2, implying that the sediment quality was largely unpolluted. The PNI yielded a diverse array of results within the study area, PC1 has a loading percentage of 77.8%, PC2 has a loading percentage of 44.4%, PC3 has a loading percentage of 33.3%, and PC4 has a loading percentage of 11.1%. This loading signifies the element's importance in the contribution of pollution within elements and to the soil. Further deductions from soil samples results that was compared to World Health Organization (WHO), and Department of Petroleum Resource (DPR), permissible limit suggested that all samples were below the permissible limit except for Cd, that its concentration was above WHO limit at some locations namely; DO/ 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 08, 09, 10, 12, 13,and 18, this could be attributed to anthropogenic activities within the study area. These findings can serve as a valuable resource for those responsible for managing dumpsites, aiding in the prevention of heavy metal soil contamination.
An Integration of Geophysics and Petrophysics in Study of Rock at Elete, Lokoja Southwestern Nigeria.
(European Centre for Research Training and Development -UK, 2023) Shaibu, Ojoka B.; Osisanya, O. Wasiu; Saleh, A. Saleh; Asarhasa, E. Peter; Okpala, Emeka C.
Granitic Gneiss and Banded Gneiss make up the bulk of the local rock types, and quartz veins are the most common intrusions seen there. Tectonic upheavals in the earth's crust are responsible for the region's structural features, including as foliations, folds, joints, and fissures. The goal of this research is to integrate several scientific techniques to subsurface structure definition. For this study, 16 Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), petrophysical study, and background knowledge of geology were used to delineate subsurface rock. The Schlumberger array with a maximum electrode separation of 300m was employed for VES. Elete's true aquifer resistivity map shows that the South-Eastern and North-Eastern axis has relatively low resistivity values, which may indicate the presence of an aquiferous zone, while the North-Central and Southern regions have a wider range of resistivity values, which may not be consistent with a water-bearing zone. Additionally, petrographic analysis of the rock reveals that the mineral composition of Granitic Gneiss is Quartz (41.72%), Plagioclase (10.79%), Biotite (25.17%), Muscovite (19.42%), and Opaque (2.87%). While biotite makes up the granite gneiss. Biotite (45%), Muscovite (9.93%), Quartz (36.87%), Plagioclase (4.26%), and Opaque (3. 55%).Hydrogeologically, it stands to reason that Elete and its surroundings are situated in a region with medium to good groundwater potential based on the information at hand and the results of the geophysical investigation. Weathered/fractured basements are anticipated to contain productive aquifers.
Analyzing the Impact of Heat and Mass Transfer on Unsteady MHD Flow with Thermal Radiation and Binary Chemical Reaction
(European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science, 2024) Okedoye, Akindele M.; Ometan, Sunday O.; Alabi, Mathew O.
In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of heat and mass transfer on unsteady oscillatory magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow with thermal radiation and binary chemical reaction. The governing equations of the flow field, energy equation, and species concentration equation are derived under the assumptions of incompressible flow, uniform magnetic field, and small amplitude oscillations. The influence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction is incorporated through appropriate boundary conditions. Mathematical formulations are presented for the coupled system of equations, and numerical simulations are conducted to analyze the heat and mass transfer characteristics of the flow. Sensitivity analysis of the governing parameters were conducted and presented through graphs and discussed. The results provide insights into the complex interplay between fluid dynamics, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction in MHD systems and their implications for engineering applications.
Application of Aeromagnetic and Remotely Sensed Data in Mineral Exploration in Parts of Ife-North, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
(Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, 2022-12) Osisanya, O.W.; Shaibu, O.B.; Abolarin, O.M.; Eyankware, M.O.; Okpala, E.C.
This paper analysed aeromagnetic data over parts of the Ilesa schist belt of Nigeria with a view to assessing the sub surface structural settings that might favour mineralisation in the study area using aeromagnetic data and satellite remote sensing imageries. The subsurface lineaments were detected and traced out from the maxima of horizontal gradient magnitude, peaks of analytical signal magnitude. The structural trends of the composite lineament map show predominant lineament directions; NE-SW, NNE-SSW, E-W, and NW-SE. These trends were in agreement with the major regional tectonic trends of Southwestern Nigeria. The interpretation of the aeromagnetic dataset gave an insight into the regional geology and structural trends of the area. The derived lineaments may serve as a reference for future geological and structural mapping. Based on the information gathered so far, the study area shows potential for presence of both primary and alluvial/eluvial gold deposits.
Application of Aeromagnetic and Remotely Sensed Data in Mineral Exploration in Parts of Ife-North, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
(Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, 2022-12) Osisanya, O.W.; Shaibu, O.B.; Abolarin, O.M.; Eyankware, M.O.; Okpala, E.C.
This paper analysed aeromagnetic data over parts of the Ilesa schist belt of Nigeria with a view to assessing the sub surface structural settings that might favour mineralisation in the study area using aeromagnetic data and satellite remote sensing imageries. The subsurface lineaments were detected and traced out from the maxima of horizontal gradient magnitude, peaks of analytical signal magnitude. The structural trends of the composite lineament map show predominant lineament directions; NE-SW, NNE-SSW, E-W, and NW-SE. These trends were in agreement with the major regional tectonic trends of Southwestern Nigeria. The interpretation of the aeromagnetic dataset gave an insight into the regional geology and structural trends of the area. The derived lineaments may serve as a reference for future geological and structural mapping. Based on the information gathered so far, the study area shows potential for presence of both primary and alluvial/eluvial gold deposits.
Application of Geophysical Methods in the Determination of Pb-Zn Mineralization in Abakaliki, Parts of the Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria
(IJESKA / DergiPark, 2024-08) Ighrakpata, C.F; Osisanya, W.O.; Ajibade, F.Z
To identify Pb-Zn mineralization in the Abakaliki province, an integrated strategy was used for the objective of this study. Particularly in the Nsuba, Oputumo, Amenyi, Nsobo, and Opuitumo lodes. This investigation was conducted using two methods: the resistivity method (Dipole dipole configuration) and induced polarization (IP). The apparatus utilized for this research is the Abem Terrameter SAS 4000. There were ten (10) Dipole dipole arrays installed in the research region, with electrode spacing ranging from five to twenty meters in a NW-SE direction and a maximum spread of two hundred meters. Findings from the study suggested that mineralized zones, resistivity values ranging from 0.4 to 1354 Ω-m and chargeability values from -877 to 813 ms were found. Positive magnetic anomalies were found in areas below the ground that had unusually high chargeability and relatively low resistivity structures. This suggested that Pb-Zn minerals might be present. The mineralization, characterized as a mildly disseminated stockwork, leans towards a relatively epigenetic nature.
Application of high resolution aeromagnetic data for determination of depth to magnetic sources using source parameter imaging in Niger State, Nigeria
(Scientific Publishing House, 2025) Sunday, I. O.; Osisanya, W.O.; Saleh, A.S.; Eyankware, M.O.; Chukwusa, F.O.
Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) is a pivotal geophysical technique, particularly in aeromagnetism, for delineating subsurface geological structures through the analysis of magnetic anomalies. This study applies SPI to high-resolution aeromagnetic data over Baro and its surrounding areas in Niger State, Nigeria, to estimate the depth to magnetic sources. The research emphasizes the characterization of magnetic sources in terms of depth, geometry, dip, and susceptibility contrast. Data processing techniques, including regional field removal, residual anomaly mapping, and reduction to the magnetic equator, were employed to enhance data accuracy and interpretability. The findings reveal significant variations in sedimentary thickness, suggesting potential hydrocarbon reservoirs, particularly in the northern region, characterized by deeper basins. This study underscores the necessity of further exploration, integrating advanced seismic studies and drilling, to assess the hydrocarbon potential accurately. The SPI-derived insights provide a valuable framework for strategic hydrocarbon exploration in Nigeria's interior basins, contributing to the nation's energy security and economic growth.
Application of One Dimensional Geophysical Investigation on Proposed Dam Project, Iyah Gbede, Kogi State, Nigeria
(International Organization of Scientific Research, 2021) Olabode, O.O.; Oyanameh, O.E.; Idowu, D.O.; Osisanya, O.W.; Korede, A.I.
Foundation designs planning is very critical in engineering works, therefore geophysical investigation was carried out for foundation design of a proposed Dam at IyahGbede, Ijumu Local Government Area of Kogi State with a view to deduce and enhance the knowledge of the near subsurface integrity of the area for engineering structures.Electrical Resistivity method was adopted to conduct the survey for detail and distinct result. The aim of the exercise was to determine the soil properties of the subsoil layers that constitute the foundation soils and their competence as foundation soils for a dam site establishment. Traverse lines were established along E-W direction and six (6) Vertical Electrical Sounding points (VES) which is one dimensional in prospect, werelaid which to reveal the subsurface property of the area.The VES curves types are AA,AH, HA and KH,which depicts that the investigated site is competent for the proposed dam project.
Application of second‑order geoelectric indices in determination of groundwater vulnerability in hard rock terrain in SW. Nigeria
(Springer Nature, 2023-09-22) Olumuyiwa, Victor A.; Osisanya, Wasiu O.; Eyankware, Oghenenyoreme . M; Korode, Akinjide I.; Ibitoye, Taiwo A.
The application of the VES geophysical technique to investigate groundwater potential and the aquifer vulnerability was carried out at Akure, southwestern part of Nigeria. Sixteen (16) VES points were selected using a Schlumberger array applied for the conduction of the VES. The ABEM Terrameter SAS 1000 was used and the maximum current electrode spacing (AB/2) was 100 m. A partial curve matching technique and computer iteration technique were applied in the interpretation of data using WINRESIST software, while Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) software was used to model the groundwater flow direction. The study revealed the presence of two to four layers of curve types, which include H (69%), HKH (19%), A (6%), and QH (6%) respectively. The second-order geoelectric parameters include longitudinal conductance (S), average transverse resistance (Tr), average longitudinal resistance (ρL), coefficient of anisotropy (λ), reflection coefficient (Rc), and resistivity contrast (Fc). The estimated aforementioned parameters range 0.004–1.03, 659.6–12,416.6 Ω/m2, 28.21–267.4 Ω-m, 58.82–303.26, 1–1.5, 0.33–0.97, and 2.01–57.33, respectively. The distributions of these parameters are revealed by the contour maps, which aid in the delineation of zones with different layer characteristics. The findings of this study can be used as a guide for making decisions on groundwater abstraction and management.
Application of the Taylor Series Technique to the Solution of Bratu Problems
(FNAS Journal of Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Simulation, 2025) Otaide, I.J; Ugbene I.J.
This study presents a numerical solution of the Bratu differential equations (BDE) using Taylor’s series technique. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method were further demonstrated by two numerical examples. The outcomes were also compared to other previously published research. Our suggested approach outperforms the Salem and Thanoon (2022) method in terms of approximating the exact solution. The Maple 18 software was used to perform the computations

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