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Analysis of Bibliogr Analysis of Bibliographic Ref aphic References b ences by Textbook A extbook Authors in uthors in Nigerian Polytechnics.
(University of Nebraska - Lincoln, 2010-08) Edewor, Nelson; Omosor, Ufuoma
An analysis of references cited in textbooks by authors in Nigerian polytechnics revealed that the APA format of referencing is widely used. The study showed that a significant a significant number of textbooks had citation errors, while others had no references at all. An analysis of the textbooks also showed that only nine textbooks cited electronic information. This could be as a result of the complexity associated with citing electronic information or such materials were not used. The analysis revealed that there are more books written by masters degree holders and more business-related textbooks, followed by computer- and engineering-related texts.
Correlation of Organisational Commitment and Job Satisfaction among Librarians in University Libraries in Southern Nigeria.
(CREW - Colleagues of Researchers, Educators & Writers, 2022) Oyovwe-Tinuoye, Gloria O.; Uwaifo, S. O.
The study examined the relationship between organisational commitment and job satisfaction among librarians in university libraries in Southern Nigeria. The researchers observed that librarians in these institutions do not show seriousness/commitment in service delivery and find it difficult to render effective library services to patrons as a result of not being satisfied with their job. The study adopted ex-post-facto research design. The entire population of 841 librarians was used as sample using total enumeration (purposive) sampling technique. A questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between organisational commitment and Job Satisfaction among librarians, librarians in the university libraries are satisfied with their job and librarians in the university libraries are committed to their job. The study concludes that organisational commitment is an essential tool for job satisfaction among librarians in university libraries in Southern Nigeria. In order to boost the organisational commitment of librarians in the universities, managers of university libraries should improve the work skills of staff by sponsoring short courses, workshops on current trends in librarianship and career advancement both in Nigeria and abroad which will improve their job satisfaction.
Induction and Placement Practices as Correlates of Job Performance of Recruited Librarians in Federal Universities in South-South, Nigeria
(Regional Institute of Information and Knowledge Management, 2021-10) Eruvwe, Ufuoma; Okonoko, Vera N.
The study aimed to investigate induction and placement practices as correlate of the job performance of recruited librarians in federal universities in South- South, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlational research design. Three (3) research questions and two (2) hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study comprised 108 academic librarians in the six federal universities spread across the six states of South-South, Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered to all the 108 respondents; only 95 were filled and returned. The overall reliability of the instrument yielded 0.95 with the use of Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. The rating scale of 4 points was subjected to an estimation procedure using SPSS version 17.0. A mean score of 2.5 and above on any item was accepted. Pearson r and R2 was used to answer the research questions while the null hypotheses were tested with the use of linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between induction process and librarians’ job performance in the federal university libraries in South-South, Nigeria. There is also a positive significant relationship between placement criteria and job performance of librarians. The level of agreement on the indices of job performance of librarians was high. That is to say induction, placement and job performance indices are critical for the recruitment process of librarians in federal university libraries in South-South, Nigeria. The findings of this study may serve as a guide to the Federal Government, Federal University Management, Library Management and other stakeholders in the recruitment of librarians as it elucidates the benefits of induction training to librarians.
Make the Children Read: Participatory Rural Approach in School Libraries in Umueri, Nigeria.
(University of Nebraska - Lincoln, 2016) Osuchukwu, Ngozi P.; Edewor, Nelson
School library is desirable because it provides a wide range of reading and multimedia resources. The essence is to support teaching and learning, fostering reading culture and lifelong learning. The rural schools and the children are part of this proposition. It also behooves on the rural dwellers to participate and contribute in community development to ensure learning and literacy sustainability. This study examines the rural school libraries with regards to participatory rural appraisal for community driven development. It is a qualitative study that involved physical assessment of rural schools with community based monitors. Techniques for data collection were focus group discussion, key informant interview and discussions in community groups. It was discovered that out of twelve government primary and secondary schools that only two has small spaces created for library. The participatory approach devised means of community contribution which created result in book donations. These were distributed to all the rural schools in the community. It was recommended that duty bearers and school board should provide library facilities in the rural schools just as in urban schools. Communities should also drive their own development to promote literacy for their children and sustainability
Planning and Advertisement Procedure used for Recruitment of Librarians in Federal Universities Libraries in South-South, Nigeria.
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Eruvwe, Ufuoma; Okonoko, Vera N.
The study investigated planning and advertisement procedures used for recruitment of librarians in federal university libraries in South-South, Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. Three (3) research questions guided the study. The population of the study comprised 108 academic librarians in the six Federal universities spread across the six states of SouthSouth, Nigeria. The entire 108 questionnaires were administered to the respondents, only 95 were filled and returned, and was used for the study because the entire population size was manageable. The overall reliability of the instrument yielded 0.95 with the use of Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. The rating scale of 4 points was subjected to an estimation procedure using SPSS. version 17.0. A mean score of 2.5 and above on any item was accepted. The major findings of the study were that the degree of agreement of librarians on all planning process was high.; that the extent in which respondents agreed on those advertisement procedures were moderately high, and the challenges associated with recruitment of librarians in the federal university libraries in South-South, Nigeria was high. Based on the findings, it was recommended as follows: that the university library management should ensure that there is the need to plan before the commencement of recruitment exercise; that the best advertisement procedures should be used to reach out to suitable applicants; and that factors such as nepotism, godfatherism, favoritism, and other challenges should not be considered in the recruitment of librarians.
Awareness and usage of electronic information resources among postgraduate students of library and information science in Southern Nigeria
(Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2016-05-09) Akpojotor, Lucky Oji
The study aims at investigating the awareness and usage of electronic information resources among postgraduate students of library and information science in Southern Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The census sampling technique was adopted for this study. Thus, the entire population of three hundred and seventy-five (375) postgraduate students of library and information science in Southern Nigeria were used as the sample for this study. The questionnaire tagged: Awareness and Usage of Electronic Information Resources by Postgraduate Students of Library and Information Science Questionnaire AUEIRPSLISQ) was used as instrument for data collection. Four research questions were answered and two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The simple percent statistical tool was used to answer the research questions and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) for testing the hypotheses. The results obtained revealed that postgraduate students of library and information science are quite aware and highly use electronic information resources. The study also reported that postgraduate LIS students are skilled in the use of electronic information resources. Based on the findings the study concluded that electronic information resources are essential tools for empowering postgraduate students of library and information science in Southern Nigeria.
Research Management and Accessibility in Academic Libraries through Interoperability of Repositories
(Colleagues of Researchers, Educators & Writers, 2015-04) Urhefe, Enite Anita; Ebiye, Edonkumoh V.
Academic libraries are working in new areas to support the publishing activities of their institution's faculty members, including helping them to manage and archive research data that they produce. Many institutions have multiple locations in which faculty can deposit their data and this distributed arrangement presents challenges for searching, unifying collections, and archiving. In order to foster some interoperability between these multiple data repositories, university libraries need to develop a system that brings together such multiple systems to enable the harvesting and replication of metadata and content across the systems. This paper focuses on present initiatives of interoperability and the benefits of enhancing interoperability among the different systems in institutional repositories.
Learning for Development, Skill Acquisition and Change Management: A Panacea for Emerging Technologies and Infopreneurship.
(Nigerian Library Association, Delta State Chapter, 2025-12-27) Itsekor, Victoria O.; Oyovwe-Tinuoye, Gloria; Jegbefume, Chukwudum M.
All over the world, due to rapidly developing technologies, 21st-century organisations and institutions are striving for innovation, cost minimisation, autonomy, and competitive intelligence to stay ahead of their contemporaries. Amongst these institutions, academic libraries are the most pressed to explore all avenues to ensure substantial changes are used to meet the needs of library users and their immediate communities. This paper, therefore, highlights certain skills and competencies that will enhance contemporary practices and trends in academic libraries. This paper aims to guide the significance of learning and development in academic libraries. As a crucial component of academic libraries, the necessity for librarians to practice infrorepreneurship will also be discussed in this presentation. Additionally, the paper will examine the function of libraries and the arrival of various contemporary technologies in academic libraries. This article seeks to highlight the importance of learning and development opportunities for library staff members’ employability, job retention, and digital competency. The recommendations regarding the need to investigate these ideas and insights to promote them to popular information services are supposed to be utilised by librarians and information professionals. Therefore, the paper's conclusion will highlight the necessity for librarians to update their digital literacy skills, develop competence in performing their tasks, and enhance their role in academic institutions.
Bridging the gaps: uncovering the information needs of female students in two nigerian specialised universities.
(Department of Library and Information Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria., 2024-12) Emiri, Ogochukwu T.; Ijiekhuamhen, Osaze P.
The study examined the information needs of female students at the Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun (FUPRE), and the Nigerian Maritime University, Okerenkoko (NMU) both in Delta State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The total population of female students from both institutions is 3120. Nwanna's (1981) sampling approach was used to select 10% of the total population which amounts to 312 female students used for the study. The instrument used for eliciting data from the respondents was a structured questionnaire. Data collected using the questionnaire was analyzed using the descriptive statistics method. The findings revealed that academics (100%), accommodation (100%), and finance (100%), among others were classified as the pressing information needs of the female students in FUPRE and NMU examined. The findings also revealed that electronic resources (100%), internet sources (100%), and textbooks (99%), among others, were the top-ranking preferred information sources indicated by the female students examined. The findings showed that the female students use information for meeting their academic (100%) and accommodation aspirations (100%), getting finance sources (98%), and better hygiene (97%) among others. The findings revealed that epileptic power supply (100%), high cost of data (100%), inadequate bandwidth/ poor internet (98%), inadequate finance (95%), and inadequate time (82%), among others, were the pressing challenges affecting the access and use of information by the female students in FUPRE and NMU. It was recommended that alternative power sources and swift internet access should be made available to enhance the information seeking of female students in universities.
Deployment of Technology for Library Service Delivery in Post-Covid-19 Period by Female Librarians in Nigeria.
(Department of Library and Information Science at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka., 2024) Oyovwe-Tinuoye, Gloria .O.; Sambo, Atanda S.
The study examined information service delivery in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era among female librarians in Nigeria. The study was an online survey designed by the researchers with three (3) research objectives of the study. An online self-constructed questionnaire was designed by the researchers. The population of the study comprises all female librarians in Nigeria with WhatsApp accounts. Data was collected through a Google web form which was distributed to various individuals with WhatsApp accounts. A total of three hundred and twenty (320) female librarians responded from different libraries and institutions in Nigeria. The findings revealed that COVID-19 increased the use of social media tools such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Telegram, Zoom and among others; increased the use of ICT for academic collaboration, disrupted library services, affected social interactions between female librarians and users. The study further revealed that technology deployed for service delivery were smartphones, laptops, Zoom, WhatsApp, Telegram, TeamViewer, Instagram, personal computers and tablets. The study revealed that the use of information technology enables female librarians to organise library materials, disseminate information materials and master basic skills in information technology. Finally, the majority of the female librarians emphasised that barriers such as inadequate funding from federal and the State overnments, insufficient ICT facilities, subsidy data, inadequate skills, erratic supply of power and lack of incentives were issues affecting the provision of information service delivery in post-COVID-19 era.
Users Perception of Services, Resources and Facilities in Federal University of Resources Effurun (FUPRE) Library.
(Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2020-01) Ijiekhuamhen, Osaze P.; Oyovwe-Tinuoye, Gloria O.
The purpose of this study is to examine users’ perception of library services, resources and facilities in Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun (FUPRE). This study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The researcher used a simple random sampling technique in selecting samples for the study. The instrument used for data collection in this study was a structured questionnaire. The respondents comprises of registered users of the library, which cut across the entire academic community, which includes the lecturers, non –teaching members of staff, students and external researchers among others who registered between October, 2014- August, 2019. Out of 200 copies of questionnaires distributed, 150 copies were filled and returned for analysis hence given a response rate of 75% which was found usable for the study. The data collected from the respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Frequency counts and Percentage). The study revealed that undergraduate students who were majority visit the library daily; followed by academic staff while non teaching staff and other researcher hardly visit the library to use its resources, services and facilities. Majority of the respondents visited the library to do assignments, to consult textbooks followed by to consult reference materials, to study for examinations, among others. In terms of services users were satisfied with library user education /orientation services, library research help service, library references services and dissatisfied with internet services, library electronic services, inter-library loan services and library loan services. In terms of resources, users were satisfied with Encyclopedia and Year Books. While users were dissatisfied with library books, journals, magazines, electronic resources, online resources, among others. In terms of facilities users were satisfied with the library printer, photocopying machine, digital board /projectors, notice board and shelves, while users were dissatisfied with tables and chairs, reading carrels, fans /air conditioning, networked computers, internet access, scanners, laminating machine, instructional facilities. Majority of the users were satisfied with the library personnel. In terms of general assessment of the library, users were satisfied with the library policy, assistance from the librarians, the position of the library in meeting users’ needs, the rules and regulations as well as organization of the library. Users were dissatisfied with the library location, building book lending procedure and opening and closing time.
Digitalization of Information Resources for Global Visibility and Ranking among University Libraries.
(Nigerian Library Association, Delta State Chapter., 2024-12-30) Uwaifo, Stephen O.; Oyovwe-Tinuoye, Gloria O.; Arumuru, Lawrence
The digitalization of information resources plays a pivotal role in enhancing global visibility and institutional ranking among university libraries. This study investigated the extent of digitalization efforts in university libraries in Delta State, Nigeria, focusing on the visibility, repository content, librarian digital skills, and challenges. The study pursued five specific objectives, including assessing the extent of digitalization, digital competencies of librarians, repository content, global visibility, and associated challenges. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised librarians in university libraries with existing institutional repositories and active libraries WhatsApp accounts. Using a convenience sampling method, 42 librarians from four university participated. A self-developed questionnaire titled Digitalization of Information Resources for Global Visibility and Ranking among University Libraries in Delta State, Nigeria (DIRGVRULDSN) was employed. The instrument's validity was ensured through expert review, while its reliability was confirmed with a pilot test (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83). Data were collected via Google Forms shared through WhatsApp and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean and percentage. Findings show a moderate level of digitalization (mean = in 3.06), and librarians demonstrated moderate digital skills (mean = 2.55), with high proficiency scanning and computer use. Repositories primarily contain dissertations, naugural lectures, and e-books. Global visibility was moderate (mean = 2.56), though ranking performance was poor (mean = 1.42). Challenges identified include inadequate bandwidth (83%), poor power supply (76%), and insufficient training (71%). In conclusion, institutional repositories enhance visibility but need better infrastructure and strategic planning. It is recommended that universities without repositories initiate proposals, and training budgets be prioritized to ensure the sustainability and advancement of digital initiatives for global competitiveness.
Survey of the Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Prisoners in Delta State, Nigeria.
(Information Technology Application Group (ITAG) International, 2018) Ijiekhuamhen, Osaze P.; Aiyebelehin, James A.
This study investigated the information needs and seeking behaviour of prisoners in Delta State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and the instrument used to collect data from the respondents was a structured questionnaire, administered with the aid of five research assistants. The population of the study comprises inmates in the five prisons in Delta State already convicted in jail for various offences. The total population of the study is 1,154 inmates in Delta State prisons. The findings of the study revealed that the major information needs of the prisoners in Delta State were information on legal help on how to be set free, information about family members and well-wishers, and health related needs. Respondents in this study indicated they prefer family members and friends, radio/television and prison wardens because they believe they are able to provide the information they need. The findings of this study equally revealed there is presence of library services and resources in all the prisons in Delta State but the library resources and services rendered in the prison are grossly inadequate. From the study, it was established that the factors militating against the accessibility and use of information by the prisoners were restriction of family members and friends from the prisoners, hostile nature of prison workers, and inadequate library materials. The findings of the study clearly imply the lack of preference for information services from prison libraries. This stem from the fact that prisoners have not perceived the prison libraries as capable of meeting their information needs. It is implied therefore, that the librarians in prison libraries should not just strive to equip the libraries, but must put in place strategies to ensure the prisoners utilize the resources to meet their information needs. The originality of this paper is in found in the finding that prison libraries have not served the purpose for which they were established since majority of the prisoners rarely see the libraries as relevant source of information.
Digital Resources Management: A Panacea for Digital Information Service Delivery in Nigerian Academic Libraries.
(Regional Institute of Information and Knowledge Management, 2021) Omosekejimi, Ademola F.; Ebhonu, Sylvester I.; Dada, Grace A.
The purpose of this study was to examine the concept of digital resources management as a possible enabler of effective digital information service delivery in Nigerian academic libraries. A descriptive survey method was adopted for this study. The population of the study comprised of eight hundred and forty-one (841) librarians from 84 university libraries in Southern Nigeria. The entire population of 841 librarians was used in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was analysed using descriptive statistics. The study found that, the types of digital information resources available for use in university libraries in Southern Nigeria are e-books, e-journals, e-newspapers, e-magazines, websites, and OPAC; the digital information services being rendered to users in university libraries in Southern Nigeria are e-mail and Internet based service among others. This submission is a work by the researcher and to the best of the researcher’s knowledge contains no materials previously published or written by another person. Proper management of digital information resources using strategies such as normalisation, encapsulation, technology preservation, refreshing, replication, migration and emulation will help to keep library digital information resources in good shape and will also assist the university libraries to deliver effective digital information services to their users.
Librarians’ Attitude towards Marketing of Library Services and Resources in Delta and Edo States.
(Federal University of Lafia (FULafia) Library., 2023) Ogbomo, M. O.; Bello Angela O.
This study seeks to explore the perspective of librarians regarding the promotion of library services/ resources in the Nigerian states of Delta and Edo. The study's population consisted of 127 librarians in the universities of Delta and Edo States, Nigeria, including those working in Federal, State, and Private institutions. The method of total enumeration was employed as a result of the population's limited and controllable magnitude. The questionnaire data retrieved were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (mean was placed at 2.50). The study's results indicate that the level of involvement of librarians in marketing services and resources in university libraries is limited. Additionally, librarians’ attitude as regards marketing in university libraries located in Delta and Edo States is favorable. The study also identifies several challenges that hinder the effective marketing of services and resources by librarians in these libraries. These difficulties include the lack of a marketing policy, subpar internet capabilities, bandwidth problems, a lack of marketing strategy training, insufficient planning and implementation of marketing strategies, a lack of funding, and inadequate management support. The study's suggestions indicate that library management should create policies that place a high priority on promoting library services and resources through the usage of ICT infrastructure. In order to raise user knowledge of the availability of library services, librarians should also actively engage in forceful marketing and promotion of such resources. These actions are anticipated to improve patron perception and usage of library materials and services
The Impact of Twitter Usage among Federal Government Owned University Libraries in South-South Nigeria
(BPAS Publications, 2022) Eruvwe, Ufuoma.; Dika, Sunday I.; Nwafor, Michael C.
This study investigates the impact of twitter usage among federal government owned university libraries in South-South Nigeria. A descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. A total of one hundred and eight (108) copies of questionnaire were distributed to the librarians in the federal university libraries in South-South, Nigeria, only ninety-five (95) were filled and returned, which was used for study. The instrument for data collection was the questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics mean and percentage mean score of 2.5 and above and percentage score of 50% were considered as cceptable by respondents. Its major findings revealed that the impact of twitter usage among federal government owned university libraries in South, South, Nigeria are: to disseminate information, to engage their communities, to engage directly with researchers, creating a virtual service point, scholarly communication for formal and informal learning, free messaging service for researchers and so on. Problem associated with the usage are: Poor adaptation of new technologies by older librarian, poor network coverage, ability to recharge data always, frequent changes in technology, non implementation of twitter policy, and twitter ban in some countries as well as solutions to the usage of twitter in academic libraries which includes adaptation of new technology by older librarian , network should be improve on , recharging of data always is critical , adaptation to change in technology , and proper implementation of twitter policy The study recommended that libraries should adopt the usage of twitter by implementation of twitter policy in university libraries.
Automated Student Attendance Management System Using Face Recognition
(Taa Publications, 2018) Ofualagba, Godswill; Omijie, Osas; Orobor, Anderson; Ibhadode, Oseikhuemen; Odiete, Etse
Attendance management system is a necessary tool for taking attendance in any environment where attendance is critical. However, most of the existing approach are time consuming, intrusive and it require manual work from the users. This research is aimed at developing a less intrusive, cost effective and more efficient automated student attendance management system using face recognition that leverages on cloud computing (CC) infrastructure called FACECUBE. FACECUBE takes attendance by using IP camera mounted in front of a classroom, to acquire images of the entire class. It detect the faces in the image and compares it with the enrolled faces in the database. On identification of a registered face on the acquired image collections, the attendance register is marked as present otherwise absent. The system is developed on Open Source image processing library hence, it is not vendor hardware nor software dependent.
Critical steps in Recruiting Librarians in Academic Libraries
(University of Nebraska - Lincoln University of Nebraska - Lincoln, 2023-04) Eruvwe, Ufuoma; Udoh, Unwana I.; Azubuike, Chioma C.
The study investigated the critical steps in recruitment librarians in academic libraries. The process includes planning, advertisement, interview, screening, selections and placement of recruited librarians. Schema of the critical steps of recruitment process of librarians was also adopted.
Rejuvenating Public Library Services in Delta State for National Development.
(Scientific Research Publishing (SCIRP), 2015-11-23) Oyovwe-Tinuoye, Gloria O.; Omeluzor, Saturday U.; Emeka-Ukwu, Uche
This paper discussed the need to rejuvenate the public library services in Delta State for national development. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study covers sixteen (16) communities where public libraries are established using purposive sampling method to select 480 respondents and the entire 42 library staff. A total of 522 library users and staff were used as samples for this study. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaire and observation through personal visitations by the researchers. The paper highlighted the present situation of public libraries in Delta State of Nigeria which is associated with lack of government financial support for public library development, irregular power supply and inadequate manpower. The paper recommended that adequate personnel, funding, infrastructural development in the aspect f good structural building, facilities and regular power supply that befit public libraries in order to enhance national development should be provided.
A Comparative Study of Faculty Members’ Expectations of Academic Library Services in Three Universities in Ogun State, Nigeria.
(CSCanada (Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture), 2012) Bamidele, Itunu A.; Omeluzor, Saturday U.; Madukoma, Ezinwayi; George, Promise N.; Ogbuiyi, Sussan
This study assessed the library services provided in federal, state and private universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Questionnaire was the tool used for data collection. The study population consisted of 110 respondents from University of Agriculture (UNAAB), Abeokuta, 287 respondents from Tai Solarin University of Education (TASUED), Ijebu-Ode and 215 respondents from Redeemer’s University (RUN), Mowe, given a total of 612 respondents from the three selected universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling was used to select the universities and the respondents. A total of 612 questionnaires were administered on all the respondents and 403 questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed given a response rate of 70%. A descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the data displayed in tables and percentage while hypotheses formulated was tested using the Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Chi-Square. A pre-test of 65 questionnaires were first administered and analyzed to estimate reliability co-efficient. The instrument yielded reliability co-efficient of 0.866%. We therefore concluded that the instrument was reliable. Finding from the study shows that electronic information resources services, internet services and circulation services were the services fully provided and utilized by the respondents, as displayed on Table 3; while CD ROM services, online public access catalogue (OPAC), user education, selective dissemination of information (SDI) and current awareness were the services moderately provided. It was also evident from this research that reprographic services, abstracting and indexing and literature search services were the least provided as shown on Table 3. The result of the formulated hypotheses shows there was significant difference in the library services provision and services expectation by Academic staff of federal, state and private universities. The findings affirmed that service provision in any library is an essential activity. University libraries should ensure to provide effective and adequate services to match with the expectations of library users especially the academic staff

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