Chemistry Department

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    Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potentials of Chrysothemis Pulchella Leaf Extract Mediated Gold Nanoparticles.
    (Springer Nature, 2023-07-29) Ogwuche, C. E.; Elemike, E. E.; Daniel, O; Onwudiwe, D. C.; Moganavelli, S.; Akpeji, B. H.
    In this study, Chrysothemis pulchella leaf extracts were used to prepare gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for anticancer and antimicrobial applications. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction method, Scanning and transmission electron microscopic (SEM/TEM) techniques. The UV–vis spectroscopy revealed characteristic absorption band at 527 nm whereas X-ray diffraction analysis showed characteristic crystalline peaks typical of AuNPs and carbon peaks emanating from the plant extract. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDXS) studies showed the following elements: C, O, Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca and Au. The microscopic analysis using Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopes showed spherical nanoparticles with average size of 14.7 nm. Cytotoxic tests showed that the AuNPs were toxic to human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) and HELA cells at IC50 dosage of 34.5 and 54.05 µg respectively. The nanoparticles also proved to have broad spectrum antimicrobial properties as they inhibited the growth of some pathogenic micro-organisms.
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    Phytochemical, Proximate and Antimicrobial Screening in the Aerial Part Plant of Drynaria Sparsisora
    (Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Echahid Hamma Lakhdar (University of El Oued) in El-Oued, Algeria., 2024-01-01) Ogwuche, C. E.; Odogwu, C. B.
    After being gathered from the Uviwe local government area in Delta state, the leaves of Drynaria sparsisora were mixed, air-dried, and then extracted using a soxhlet apparatus with n-hexane and methanol as the solvents. Using the standard procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (A.O.A.C.), the phytochemical and proximate analysis was performed on the extract. Results of the phytochemical screening carried out on the combined extracts (n-hexane and methanol) showed the presence of alkaloids, proteins, sugars, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and steroids. To ascertain the moisture content, carbon, lipid content, ash, fat, and nitrogen, proximate analysis was used. According to the results, there was 1.2% fat and 50.4% carbon in the sample. The following were obtained for the others: lipid content (34%), ash content (6.5%), and nitrogen (6.69%). Mueller Hinton agar medium was used to test the antimicrobial activities of both extracts against a variety of clinical pathogenic microorganisms, including Helico bacterpylori, Campylo bacterjejuni, Escherichia coli, Salmonel platypi, Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis. The zones of inhibition were determined, and at various concentrations, the n-hexane and methanol extract demonstrated resistance to Escherichia coli, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, methicillin-resistant Staph aureus, candida krusei, and candida tropicalis. Methanol and n-hexane extracts have MICs of 25 µg/m and 50 µg/m, respectively. For the extracts of methanol and n-hexane, the MBC/MFC are 50 µg/m and 25 µg/m, respectively.