3D TIME-LAPSE GEOPHYSICAL IMAGING OF FERTILIZER-INDUCED SOIL AND GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION IN OGHARA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2025-07
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Zibeline International Publishing
Abstract
Fertilizer contaminants can persist in subsurface environments, making remediation efforts costly and time
consuming, particularly in areas with shallow aquifers and permeable soils. This study applied time-lapse
geophysical methods to assess fertilizer-related soil and groundwater pollution in agricultural regions of
Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. Eight 2-D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) surveys were conducted, Including 16 grid-aligned lines across the Presco lowland and upland areas which were collated to form the 3 D models, along with a control line. Data were processed using RES3DINV and ZondRes3D to produce the 3-D resistivity models. Three-dimensional slices illustrated the downward migration of contaminants over time. Analysis of time-lapse data showed maximum vertical migration rates of 216.7 cm/month and horizontal rates of 750.0 cm/month at the initial site. At the second site, rates reached 122.5 cm/month vertically and 500.0 cm/month horizontally. Taking into account local hydrological and geological conditions, the contaminant plumes are projected to reach the dry sandy layer within 0.5 to 1 year.
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Ozobeme, A. A., Osisanya, O. W., Airen, O. J., Eyankware, O. M., & Iluobe, O. E. (2025). 3D time-lapse geophysical imaging of fertilizer-induced soil and groundwater contamination in Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. Environmental Contaminants Reviews, 8(2), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.26480/ecr.02.2025.59.65